A preliminary experimentation of passive back-support exoskeleton in a real industrial context

Work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) pose a significant occupational health risk, particularly in industries requiring manual material handling tasks. Despite advancements in automation, manual labor persists, leading to strains on workers' lumbar region and increased susceptibility to WMSDs, particularly low back pain. This paper explores the potential of passive exoskeletons as preventive measures against WMSDs associated with load manipulation. Exoskeletons offer ergonomic support, augmenting human capabilities without hindering mobility. The study focuses on evaluating a passive back-support exoskeleton, PAEXO BACK, through a preliminary experimentation in a real industrial setting, specifically a warehouse. The research assesses various aspects, including muscular activity, posture, metabolic cost and physiological parameters, and perceived fatigue during lifting tasks. The case study involved workers in a warehouse lifting heavy boxes weighing up to 25 kg, both with and without the exoskeleton. Data collection utilized electromyographic signals, inertial motion capture, and physiological parameters monitoring. The results reveal a notable decrease in muscle activation, suggesting potential benefits in reducing the risk of musculoskeletal injuries among workers. Additionally, motion analysis indicates improved posture with exoskeleton usage. Despite some unexpected findings in metabolic cost, perceived exertion scores reflect reduced fatigue and enhanced operator confidence. This study underscores the promising role of exoskeletons in promoting worker health, safety, and productivity while acknowledging the need for further research to address limitations and uncertainties, paving the way for comprehensive integration into industrial settings.