abstract The article analyzes the criminal liability of directors and managers of investee companies. A necessary starting point is to understand the legal nature of public companies. It goes without saying, in fact, that the exact systematic legal framework of public companies as well as the qualifying impact on the liability of management bodies has significant repercussions in the criminal field, think of the cases in which the qualification of public body is a constitutive element of the crime. As for the responsibility of the management body, the activity carried out by a subject is considered public where it is governed by public law provisions or authoritative acts, the legal form of the entity remaining completely irrelevant, its possible constitution according to public law rules, the type of employment relationship with the entity itself. In essence, it can be stated that, with reference to criminal law and in particular in relation to the crimes of public officials against the public administration, directors and managers must be given the qualification of public officials or persons in charge of a public service, even if the companies in question do not fall within the scope of the public administration in the strict sense and consequently whoever manages these legal persons does not have a direct relationship with the public administration nor is he an employee of the same. This circumstance does not affect the legal qualification of these subjects as public officials or persons in charge of a public service pursuant to art. 357 and 358 c.p.
L’articolo analizza la responsabilità penale degli amministratori e dirigenti delle società a controllo pubblico. Punto di partenza è analizzare la natura giuridica delle società pubbliche. Va da sé, infatti, che l’esatto inquadramento giuridico sistematico di tali società, nonché l’impatto qualificatorio sulla responsabilità degli organi di gestione, ha notevoli ricadute in campo penalistico; si pensi ai casi in cui la qualifica di ente pubblico è elemento costitutivo del reato. Quanto alla responsabilità dell’organo gestionale l’attività svolta da un soggetto viene considerata pubblica laddove risulti disciplinata da norme di diritto pubblico o atti autoritativi, restando del tutto irrilevante la forma giuridica dell’ente, l’eventuale sua costituzione secondo norme di diritto pubblico, la tipologia di rapporto di lavoro con l’ente stesso. In buona sostanza, si può affermare che, con riferimento al diritto penale ed in particolare in relazione ai reati dei pubblici ufficiali contro la pubblica amministrazione agli amministratori e dirigenti va attribuita la qualifica di pubblici ufficiali o di incaricati di un pubblico servizio, seppur le società in questione non rientrano nell’ambito della pubblica amministrazione in senso stretto e di conseguenza chi provvede alla direzione di queste persone giuridiche non ha un rapporto diretto con la p.a. né è un dipendente della stessa. Tale circostanza non incide sulla qualificazione giuridica di tali soggetti come pubblici ufficiali o incaricati di pubblico servizio ai sensi degli artt. 357 e 358 c.p.
Le sanzioni penali previste per gli amministratori e dirigenti delle società a controllo pubblico
Francesco Fimmanò
2024-01-01
Abstract
abstract The article analyzes the criminal liability of directors and managers of investee companies. A necessary starting point is to understand the legal nature of public companies. It goes without saying, in fact, that the exact systematic legal framework of public companies as well as the qualifying impact on the liability of management bodies has significant repercussions in the criminal field, think of the cases in which the qualification of public body is a constitutive element of the crime. As for the responsibility of the management body, the activity carried out by a subject is considered public where it is governed by public law provisions or authoritative acts, the legal form of the entity remaining completely irrelevant, its possible constitution according to public law rules, the type of employment relationship with the entity itself. In essence, it can be stated that, with reference to criminal law and in particular in relation to the crimes of public officials against the public administration, directors and managers must be given the qualification of public officials or persons in charge of a public service, even if the companies in question do not fall within the scope of the public administration in the strict sense and consequently whoever manages these legal persons does not have a direct relationship with the public administration nor is he an employee of the same. This circumstance does not affect the legal qualification of these subjects as public officials or persons in charge of a public service pursuant to art. 357 and 358 c.p.I documenti in IRIS sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.